Gynaecomastia

What Is Gynaecomastia?

Gynaecomastia is the medical term for male breast enlargement – the development of excess breast tissue in men. It can affect one or both breasts and may occur during infancy, puberty, or adulthood. While some cases are temporary, others persist and can cause discomfort or self-consciousness.

Gynaecomastia can present as a firm, rubbery lump beneath the nipple or a more diffuse enlargement affecting the entire chest. In some cases, it is accompanied by excess fat in the chest, giving the appearance of ‘pseudo-gynaecomastia’.

Causes of Gynaecomastia

Male breast enlargement can result from a variety of factors, including:

• Hormonal imbalance: An excess of oestrogen or reduced testosterone can stimulate breast tissue growth.
• Medications: Certain drugs, including some steroids, anti-androgens, and heart medications, may contribute.
• Underlying health conditions: Liver or kidney disease, thyroid disorders, or obesity can increase risk.
• Genetics and ageing: Hormone changes with age can trigger tissue development.
• Weight gain: Excess fat can exaggerate breast appearance, although true glandular tissue may also be present.

How Male Breast Enlargement Affects Daily Life

Gynaecomastia can cause physical discomfort, including tenderness or swelling, and affect posture or activity. Many men also experience psychological or emotional distress, avoiding certain clothing, social situations, or activities such as swimming or exercising without a shirt.

Understanding the Condition

At Kirbha Clinic in London and Essex, male patients receive thorough assessment to determine whether the enlargement is due to glandular tissue, fat, or a combination. This distinction is crucial in guiding the most effective treatment.

Treatment options may include surgical correction such as gland excision, liposuction, or combined approaches to restore a flatter, more contoured chest. Understanding the underlying cause of male breast enlargement ensures tailored care, helping patients achieve both physical comfort and improved confidence in their appearance.